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Beam Deflection Calculator

Calculate the maximum elastic deflection of a simply supported or cantilever beam under a uniform distributed load, a center/end point load, or both — with the span-to-deflection ratio checked against common L/360 and L/240 serviceability limits.

Input

Sets the elastic modulus E. Pick Custom to enter your own value.

mm⁴ — the section's second moment of area about the bending axis.

Meters. For a cantilever, this is the length from the fixed support to the free end.

kN/m, spread across the full span. Leave blank for none.

kN, applied at mid-span (simply supported) or at the free end (cantilever). Leave blank for none.

Output

Result
MetricValue
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REST API

curl -X POST https://api.iotools.cloud/v1/tool/beam-deflection-calculator \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "beamType": "simply-supported",
    "material": "structural-steel",
    "elasticModulus": "",
    "momentOfInertia": "8360000",
    "span": "3",
    "udl": "5",
    "pointLoad": "10"
  }'

Swap in your own key from your account. The tool's fields are the body — no wrapper.

Ask an AI agent

Use the IOTools `beam-deflection-calculator` tool (Beam Deflection Calculator) on this input:

YOUR_INPUT_HERE

Paste this at any agent connected to the IOTools MCP server, then add your input.

Embed widget

<iframe
  src="https://iotools.cloud/embed/beam-deflection-calculator/"
  width="100%" height="520" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" loading="lazy"
  title="Beam Deflection Calculator — iotools.cloud"
  sandbox="allow-scripts allow-forms allow-same-origin allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox"
  allow="clipboard-write"
  style="width:100%;border:1px solid #e5e7eb;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden"></iframe>
<script src="https://iotools.cloud/embed.js" async></script>

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Guides

Estimate the maximum elastic deflection of a beam under a uniform distributed load, a point load, or both — for either a simply supported beam or a cantilever. Enter the section's moment of inertia, the span, and the load, and the calculator reports the sag in millimeters and inches, plus a plain-English read on whether that sag falls within the span-to-deflection ratios most codes reference for serviceability.

How to use it

  1. Pick the beam type — simply supported (resisted at both ends) or cantilever (fixed at one end, free at the other).
  2. Choose the material, which fills in the elastic modulus E for you, or select Custom to enter your own.
  3. Enter the section's moment of inertia (I) and the span (L).
  4. Enter a distributed load (w), a point load (P), or both — leave either blank to skip it.

Results update as you type: the deflection contributed by each load, the total maximum deflection, and the span-to-deflection ratio with a verdict against common limits.

The formulas

For a simply supported beam:

  • Uniform distributed load: δ = 5wL⁴ / (384EI)
  • Center point load: δ = PL³ / (48EI)

For a cantilever:

  • Uniform distributed load: δ = wL⁴ / (8EI)
  • Point load at the free end: δ = PL³ / (3EI)

When both a distributed load and a point load are present, the two deflections are added together (superposition) — valid because both are linear-elastic responses to independent loads on the same beam.

Why the span-to-deflection ratio matters

A raw deflection number in millimeters doesn't tell you much on its own — 10 mm of sag is trivial on a 20-meter span and alarming on a 1-meter one. Structural codes instead express a limit as a fraction of the span: L/360 is a common ceiling for live-load deflection on floors and roofs (where excessive sag cracks finishes or feels bouncy), and L/240 is a common total-load limit. The calculator divides your span by the computed deflection and tells you where the result falls against those two thresholds — a starting point for a serviceability check, not a substitute for the specific limit your governing code actually requires.

Limits

This is a preliminary stiffness check, not a design tool. It assumes a prismatic (constant cross-section) beam, ignores shear deformation, and covers only the two loading cases above — it doesn't handle multiple point loads, partial-span distributed loads, or multi-span (continuous) beams. Verify results against your code's actual serviceability requirements, and check bending and shear capacity separately — a beam can pass a deflection check and still fail in bending.

Privacy

Everything runs in your browser — no dimensions or load data are sent anywhere.

To find the reactions at each support before checking deflection, use the Beam Reaction Calculator. For a spring or fastener elsewhere in the same assembly, the Spring Rate Calculator and Bolt Torque Calculator cover those calculations.

beam deflectionbeam sagstructural engineeringmoment of inertiacantilever beamsimply supported beamserviceability limitL/360civil engineering

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